Machine for making polygonal openings



March 31, 1942. s v

MACHINE FOR MAKING 'POLYGONAL OPENINGS Filed Aug. a, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet1 Qlllllillllllllllllilllllllllli EHFJ-lll.

lllllllll BY W 9 ATTORNEYS March 3 F. e slLvA MACHINE FOR MAKINGPOLYGQNAL OPENINGS Filed Aug. 8, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

March 31, 1942.. F. s. SILVA MACHINE FOR MAKING POLYGONAL OPENINGS 6Sheets-Sheet 3 I Filed Aug. 8, 1938 March 31, 194;,

I F. G. SILVA 2,277,997 I mcnxm: FOR MAKING roLYeouAL orsumes Filgd Aug.8, 1958 s Sheets-Sheet! March .31, 1942. SILVA MACHINE FOR MAKINGPOLYGONAL OPENINGS Filed Aug. 8, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 s W a ma m F v, mb m U I (v A w 47 1. 1 h

. rm f w MACHINE FOR MAKING POLYGONAL OPENINGS I Filed Aug. 8, 1938 6Sheets-Sheet 6 A ORNEYS desired size and shape.

Patented Mar. 31,1942

Frederick G. Silva, Rochester, N. r., assignor to Davenport Machine Tool00., Inc., Rochester, N. Y., a corporation oi. New York ApplicationAugust 8, 1938, Serial No. 223,575

V 24 Claims. My invention relates toa machine for making a polygonalopening in stock.

While my invention is concerned generally with a machine for makingpolygonal openings of various shapes in bored stock, regardless of thelater use of the finished piece it is particularly concerned with amachine for making polygonal openings incollets and will be described inthat connection. However it will be understood that the invention is'oigeneral application. v a

An object of my invention is to provide a machine for automaticallycutting and completing a polygonal opening in apiece 01' stock..

Another object of my invention is toprovide a machine for automaticallyafter once set, cutting and completing an equilateral polygonal openinghaving straight sidm in apiece or bored stock. Another object 01' myinvention is to provide a machine for making a'polygonal opening in apiece or stock having a bore by means of a cut- .ting tool wherein thetool and the work are moved relative to each other-to cut partially atleast one corner or the polygonal opening? and wherein the tool and thework are indexed with respect to each other to cut partially preferablysuccessively, without feeding, additional corners of the of thepolygonal opening to'be cut, and each of the cutting edges being of awidth at least half that of one of the sides of the polygon;reciprocating such a tool in the bore of the work so that one comer andpart of both sides of the polygon adjacent the comer are cut at a singlestroke of the cutting tool; thereafter making additional similar cuts inthe work of a shape and size corresponding to that of the firstcut-until the polygonal opening has been partially formed and a cycle ofcutting operations has been completed; then feeding the tool and thework relative to each other to perform a second cycle of cuttingoperations, and performing additional cycles of cutting and feedingoperations until an equilateral polygonal opening having straight sidesis formed.

In addition my invention comprises a machine for making a polygonalopening in a piece oi? stock wherein the cutting, indexing and feedingoperation are carried on automatically and in timed relation, whereby aseries'of congruent pieces of material are cut from the stock atdifierent points there'oi and the indexing of the machine isaccomplished at the end 01' a series p ygonal opening until all thecorners of the polygon have been partially out and a cycle 01 cuttingoperations has been completed; and wherein the stock and tool are fedrelative to each'other after each such cycle or cutting operations hasbeen performed "to thereby form the polygonal opening by successivecyclesor cutting and feeding operations.

My invention further comprises a means for making a polygonal opening ina piece of stock having a bore by means of a cutting tool wherein thetool and the stock are continuously and rapidly'reciprocated withrespect tge each other while indexing the work to theiby preferablysuccessively cut the corners and side walls of the polygonal opening andafter all the corners and side walls have been partially cut, feedingthe tool and the work relative to each other so that a second series ofcuts may bemade in the work and repeating said operations to therebygradually i'orm a po ygonal opening in the stock 01 the More pcifically, my invention comprises a stock by.- means of a cutting toolhaving 'two cutting edges extending-at an angle to each other,

or such cuts'and alter the tool has been moved out of cutting relationwith the work to thereby condition the machine for a second series ofcuts. I To these and other ends th 'inven'tion resides in certainimprovements and combinations of parts, all as will be hereinafter moreiully described, the novel features being-pointed out in the claims atthe end of the specification.

' nthe drawings: 1

' Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the machine or my invention; 1

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine;

i 3. is. a sectional view taken on" the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, inthe'direction indicated by the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on the line oi. Fig. 3 in the directionindicated by the arrows and showing in dotted lines part of theindexingmechanism;

Fig. 5 is a face of the crank and locking cam of Fig. 3, in thedirection indicated by the arrows and showing part of the indexing mechacorresponding to the angularity oi. the corners nism;

Fig. 8 is an elevation of the opposite side of the machine from that ofFig. 1; 4

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on the line 8- of Fig. 8 in thedirection indicated by the arrows;

Fig, 10 is a view of a portion of the feeding mechanism;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken on the line III I of Fig. 10, in thedirection indicated by the arrows;

Fig. 12 is a view taken on the line l2-I2 of Fig. 11, in the directionindicated by the arrows;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view showing the means for holding the work and aportion of the mechanism for indexing the work;

Figs. 14 to 17, inclusive, illustrate steps in the operation of cuttinga hexagonal opening in a piece of stock, and

Figs. 18 and 19 are views showing steps in the operation of cutting asquare opening in a piece of stock.

The same reference numerals throughout t several views indicate, thesame parts. I r The machine of my invention for cutting au matically apolygonal opening in a piece of bored stock, such .as a hexagonal orsquare opening in a collet, comprises a main frame 2| which houses andsupports the driving mechanism, the reciprocating mechanism for thetool, and the feeding mechanism for the tool; and a sub-frame forcarrying the work holding means and for housing part of the workindexing mechanism.

A main shaft 23 journaled in the main frame of the machine and driven inany suitable manner by means of a motor or. other suitable source ofpower, not shown; is continuously rotated and has rigidly mountedthereon by means of a pin 24 a clutch element 26 (Fig. 9). The clutchelement 26 has clutch teeth 21 thereon adapted to mesh with clutch teeth28 integral with a clutch element 29 The clutch element 29 is looselyand slidably mounted on a sleeve 3| carried by the main shaft 23. Theclutch element 28 is moved 4 at 44 to a segment gear 46 having gearteeth 4'| man 43 connected to the crank pin may be varied. The other endof the pitman is pivotally secured (Figs. 3 and 8). Segment 46 isrigidly secured to a horizontal rock shaft 48. The rock shaft 48 extendstransversely of the frame and is suitably journaled therein, asindicated at 48 (Figs. 6 and 9). The segment extends through an opening50 in the frame and the teeth 41 thereof mesh with a slide gear 5|. Theslide gear has a relatively wide face so that engagement of the teeth ofthe slide gear with the teeth of the segment will be maintained duringfeeding operations, as will later be described. The slide gear issupported and oscillatable on a shaft 53 (Fig. 6) positioned in ahorizontally movable feed carriage 54 by means of set screws 56.

into and out of engagement with the clutch element 26 by means of astarting clutch fork 32 (Figs. 3 and 8). The clutch fork 32 has theforks of its forked end engaging in a clutch groove 36 and has its otherend rigidly secured to a clutch operating rod 33 by means of a pin (Fig.9). The

clutch operating rod is carried by a support 34 mounted on the mainframe 2|. The clutch operating rod extends from the rear of the machinetoward and protrudes through the front of the frame (Figs. 4 and 8). Onthe outer end of the clutch operating rod 33 is mounted a hand lever 36,shown more clearly in Fig. 2. 0n the main frame of the machine is asuitable arrangement 35 (Fig. 4) for maintaining the hand lever 36releasably in a'position such that the clutch 28 is in engagement withthe clutch 26, or out of engagement therewith. When the hand lever 36 isthrown out of engagement, all of the operations of the machine arestopped.

Formed integrally with the clutch element 29 is a driving pinion 31(Fig. 9) which meshes with i a crank gear 38 mounted rigidly on a shaft40.

Formed integral with the feed carriage is a rigid way (Fig. 6) 51 andsecured to the feed carriage by means-of screws 58 is a removable oradjustable way or gib 59. The removable way or gib 59 is held inadjusted position by means of set screws 60 provided with jam nuts. Theways 5'! and 59 are adapted to receive between them the slide portions6| of a vertically reciprocable tool block carrier 62. The tool blockcarrier 62 has rigidly secured to its rear face (Fig. 3) by means ofscrews 63 a rack 64 the rack teeth of which mesh with the slide gear 5!.A tool block as (Fig. 13) is mounted in assembled relationship with thetool block carrier by means of screws 65 and an adjusting screw 10having a-collar I8 (Fig. 3). Upon loosening the screws 65 the tool blockmay be moved forwardly or rearwardlyby adjusting the screws '18.

The tool 68 is held in the tool block by means of a set screw 69. Aspring H has one end fixed, as indicated at 12 (Fig. 2) to the feedcarriage 54 and the other end to the tool block carrier, as indicated at13, in accordance with well known practices, to minimize backlash of thegear teeth in the driving assembly. When the clutch elements 26 and 28are in engagement, the segment gear 46 is oscillated to therebyoscillate the slide gear 5| and continuously reciprocate the tool 68ported by and journaled in a pair of brackets 11 formed as part of theframe. The shaft projects through the frame and has mounted on theprojecting end a hand wheel 80 for setting or operating the machine byhand. The shaft is continuously rotated, when the clutch elements areThe crank gear- 38 has eccentrically mounted in a slot extendingradially in a face thereof a headed crank pin 39. The crank pin ,has athreaded end and is adjustably held in position by a nut 42 A washer 45is interposed between the nut and the-pitman and betweenthe pitman andthe crank gear. By adjusting the position of the crank pin, with respectto the axis of rotation of the crank gear 38, the throw of a pitinengagement, and drives a bevel gear I8 rigidly secured to'a sleeve arigid with the shaft 46.

The bevel gear 18 meshes with a bevel gear 18 rigidly mounted on avertical shaft 8|. The shaft 8| is journaled in a roller bearingassembly 82 (Fig. 3), the outer faces of which are carried by a shaftsupport 83 extending from the frame of the machine, as indicated at 84(Fig. 9).

On the lower end of the shaft 8| is rigidly mounted (Figs. 3 and 7') acrank 86 which constitutes the driving element of a Geneva motion.The'crank 86 has rigidly secured thereto a crank pin 81 which is adaptedto engage successively in each one of a plurality of slots 88 formed ina Geneva motion gear or disk 69. There areflve slots 88 formed on theupperface of the gear 88 to form the Gmeva motion disk, and as is wellknown in the art to which this invention applies,

so that the gear 94 and the locking disk 98 rothe pin drives the gearone-fifth of a rotation, after which the pin passes out of the slot,continues its rotation, and engages in the next succeeding slot. Asshown'in Fig. 7, the crank is driven in a counterclockwise direction, sothat the gear 89 is intermittently driven in a clock wise direction. Thegear 89 is supported (Fig. 3) on a shaft 9i carried by a bracket 92bolted to the frame of the machine, as indicated at 93. The gear 89drives a gear 94. v

As shown in Figs. 7 and 13, the gear 94 is mounted in the sub-frame 22,the drive between the Geneva motion gear 89 and the gear 94 beingthrough an opening in the main frame. The gear 94 is, by means of a key98, rigidly secured to a chuck spindle 9'1. n the upper face ofthe gear94 is mounted a locking disk 98 which has six locking slots or teeth 98.The locking disk is fixed relative to'the gear 94 by pins I III tatetogether. A washer I82 is interposed between the upper face of thelocking disk and a boss I93 formed integral with the sub-frame 22. Theassembly of gear 94, locking disk 98, and washer I82 is held in positionon the chuck s'pin- I the top of the chuck so that when the nut is dleby a nut I84 threaded to the bottom of the chuck spindle 9I.

Mounted on a vertical shaft I98 carried and journaled in the sub-frame22 is a locking lever In! having a locking tooth m. The locking lever,where it engages the shaft, is split as indicated at I 99. A bolt IIIextends through. the split portions of the locking lever so that ,whenthe bolt is drawn up tight the locking lever will be rigidly clampedtothe shaft. Also mounted on the shaft I81 is a cam actuated lever I I2.The cam lever H2 is rigidly secured to the shaft by a 2111: H3 whichextends through a split portion f0 ed on the cam lever H2. The cam leverhas -mdunted onthe end thereof and secured in position in any suitablemanner, as indicatedat H8,

a cam roller H8. The ,cam'roller is adapted-to ride on the peripheralside edge of the crank gear 38 (Figs. 4, 5, and 'l) and be actuated by acam III carried on the peripheral side edge of the crank gear- 38. Thecam is adiustably mounted in the crank gear through bolts extending intoan annular T-slot formed in the crank gear. A spring III, mounted in abore 9 (Figs. 7 and 13) in the locking lever I81 and .having one end enging the wall of the subframe, normally urges the locking lever III, the

shaft I88, and the cam lever H2 in a clockwise "direction as viewed inFig. 7. The locking tooth I88 is thus normally urged into engagementwith one of the teeth'of the locking disk 98.

As the bevel gear I8 is rotated, the-crank 88 is rotated in acounterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 7, which results in astepby step rotation of the Geneva motion gear 88 causing a step by steprotation of the gear 34. {The ratio of teeth of the gear 89 to that ofthe gear-84 is 5 to 6 so that as the gear rotates through onefifth of arevolutiomthe gear 84, and also the locking disk, rotates throughone-sixth of a revolution. It will be noted that the bevel gears I8 andI9 have an equal number of teeth so that the crank 88 makes a completerotation for each rotation of the crank gear 38. The locking disk,togetherv with the gear 94, therefore, make one- "sixth'of a revolutionfor each complete rotation so that the chuck spindle is held againstrotation.

When the crank gear 38 nears the completion of a rotation, the cam I I1through the cam lever II2 moves the tooth I88 01 the locking lever outof engagement with a locking tooth 99 of the locking disk, against theaction of the spring I I8, so as to permit rotation of the gear 94 andthe locking disk. At the same time as the locking disk is released thecrank 88 nears the completion of a rotation and the pin 81 engages thenext succeeding slot 88 and rotates the disk to thereby rotate the gear94 and the chuck spindle 9I.

' The work is held by means of a chuck I29 which is slotted as shown atI 2I (Fig. 13) to provide spring fingers. The upper end of the chuckspindle has a flange I22 adapted to be received on an'annular bearingsurface I23 on which the turned down, by means of a tool inserted intool receiving openings I29, the chuck is moved downward along thefrusto-conical surfaces to draw in the Spring fingers. I 2i and tightlygrip the work I4. Since the tool makes a complete reciprocation for eachrotation-of the crank gear 38 and the chuck spindle is rotated one-sixthof a revolution for each complete rotation of the crank gear 38 the toolis indexed in synchronism' with the reciprocations of the tool.

Thus in making a hexagonal opening in a piece of work, as shown in Figs.14 to 17-, the tool makes six cuts to at least partially form eachcorner of the hexagonal opening before a feeding operation takes place.

The tool is fed at the completion of six reciprocations bymechanismwhich comprises a pinion I 3| (Figs. 4 and 9) rigidly securedwith respect to the-shaft 48. The pinion I3I drives a large gear-I32(Fig. 9) mounted on a stub shaft I33 Journaled in the frame, asindicated at I34. The stub shaft I 33 projects through the frame of themachine and at its outer end carries rigidly secured thereto a feeddisk\l38. As shown more clearly in Fig. 10, the disk I38 has a T-slotI31 in its face adapted toreceive a headed crank pin I38 which isadjustably held in the T-slot by a nut m. A comicung rod in is rotatably88-- -cured to the crank pin I38 so that as the disk I38 rotatw, theconnecting rod I is oscillated. The upper end of the connecting rod isprovided with a slot I 42 adapted to receive a pin I43. The

p, pin I43 extends through an aperture formed in a pawl carrier I44. Thepin I43 and the slot I42 together constitute a' lost motion connectionbetween the connectingrod I and the pawl carrier I44... The amount of.lost motion may be adjusted by'means of a screw I48 held in position bymeans of ajam nut I41.

The pawl carrier I44 has a central-opening. I48

adapted to be received loosely on a flange I48 (Fig. 11) formed integralwith a feed ratchet wheel iii. The feed ratchet wheel is provided at itsouter circumference with ratchet teeth I82 and is rigidlysecured bymeans of a key I83 to a shaftI 84. The shaft I84 is carried in abracket.

I88 mounted on the frame of the machine. The shaft I84 has a threadedportion I81 and a worm portion I 88 constituting afeed screw. A handwheel I89 to enable setting of the tool is mounted on the end of theshaft by means of a key IN. The end of the shaft is threaded, asindicated at I82, to receive a 'nut m. A pair of jam nuts I are screwedon the threaded portion it! of the shaft. The entire assembly is rigidlyheld in position between the nut N3 and the jam nuts I, washers I beinginterposed between the nut I63 and the hand wheel I", between the .handwheel I59 and the teed ratchet wheel III,

between the feed ratchet wheel lit and the bracket I, and between thebracket I" and the jam nuts I64. Sufficient friction is provided in theassembly between the washer. I, the pawl carrier I and the feed ratchetwheel iii to frictionally hold the pawl carrier I in any adjustedposition.

The pawl carrier I has pivotaliy mounted (Fig. as indicated at I61, apawl lilhaving a tooth l6! adapted to engage successively the teeth I52of the feed ratchet wheel, IN. A spring Fig. 10, due to the frictionbetween the parts,

as mentioned above.

The feed carriage 54, as shown in Fig. 3, has a bracket Isl mounted onthe lower, side thereof by means of screws III. The bracket is threaded4 to receive the feed screw Ill so that as the feed pressed pin illengages an angular end I12 formed on the end of the pawl so that thepawlmay be retained in ratchet wheel engaging position, as shown in Fig. 11,or moved to the position shown in Fig. 12 out of engagement with theteeth of the feed ratchet wheel. Mounted on thefeed ratchet wheel is anadjustable clip H3. The clip, as shown in Fig. 11, is mounted in anannular T-slot I'll formed in the face of the feed ratchet wheel bymeans of a headed pin I16. The pin is threaded and provided with a nutI" by which the clip may be held in the T-slot in any adjusted position.The head of the pin I16 may be inserted through an enlarged opening illin the face of the feed ratchet wheel and then moved into the T-slotI'll. The face of the feed ratchet wheel may be graduated, as indicatedat I", and provided with a zero point indicated at "I. The feed ratchetwheel may he graduated in hundredths or any desired division units.

The tool block is first set by the adjustment screw 10 forwa dly orrearwardly and the tool itself is set by ting edges of the tool are inthe proper position with respect to the work, as indicated in Fig. 14.By the handwheel I" the tool carriage, together with the tool, may bemoved right or left. a viawnd in Fl! 2. The adjustable clip "I is thenmoved in its T-slot to the desired point along the periphery of the feedratchet wheel ill. The tool'will then feed until the feed ratchet wheelrotates to a position such that the clip is beneath the tooth it! of thepawl I" when feeding will stop. a

In the position of the parts shown in Fig. 10 the-crank I has justcompleted a. down stroke so-that the end of the screw i is in engagementwith the pin Ill and has just moved the pin to its down position. Whenthe connecting rod ill moves upward it will have no effect on the pawlcarrier Ill until near the extreme upper portion of its stroke when thelower end of screw is rotated the feed carriage is moved. The feedcarriage is mounted in a rigid guide way I93 formed in the frame of themachine, and is formed with a slide part I for reception in said way. Atapered bar I", shown more clearly in Fig.- 2, may be wedged between theframe and the carriage and serves to maintain a close fit between theparts. The tapered bar I may be adjusted by adjusting it along a spindleI" by means indicated at I".

- tion, as shown in Fig. 3, to accommodate thee set-screw '9 so that thecutthe slot will engage the pin I, rotate the pawl. I slightly in aclockwise direction, and move the feed ratchet wheel one notch. The lostmo- .tion connection is provided and adjusted so that feeding of thetool will beaccomplished at the end of six reciprocations vof the tooland when the tool is out of engagement with the work. When theconnectingrod reaches its uppermost position and starts downward. the pawlcarrier:

I will not follow it due to the friction between" the pawl carrier, thewasher I and the feed' ratchet wheel as mentioned above. Instead thepawl carrier will remain in its uppermost position until,.with thecontinued downward move- The feed carriage is U-shaped in cross secslidegear 5|. The upper end of the U is provided with a part I" which engagespart of the main frame. A bar 203 is removably secured in position onthe carriage, as shown in Fig. 3, and has a slide part 2 adapted to bearagainst a guide way 206. As the feed screw I50 rotates the feed carriageis moved along the ways to feed the tool '8 into the work. As shown inFig. 2, a micrometer 201 is mounted on the frame and provided with astop "8.. A stop 2 on the carriage is also provided. A micrometer may Ybe used as an aid in setting the machine.

The operation of the machine may be more clearly understood fromconsideration of Figs. 14 to 17, inclusive. The work", usually a parthavinga circular bore, is set in the chuck- Ill and the nut I21 turneddown so that the work is securely held. The machine is then properly setas described above. Usually it 'is necessary to initially set themachine by cut and try on a piece of work. After once properly .set, themachine, without further adjustment will perform the same operations onadditional pieces of work. The hand lever at is then thrown to engagethe clutch elements I and 2|. Through the crank gear 3., segment it,slide gear Ii, and rack 64, the tool is continuously reciprocated.

The tool, as shown in Fig. .14, has a cutting edge generally indicatedby the numeral III. The cutting edge 2M comprises side cutting edges 22!and 223 which extend at an angle to each other corresponding to theangle of the polygonal opening to be cut. In the case underconsideration, a hexagon, the sides 22! and 223 will be at an angle ofwith respect to each other. The point 224 of the tool cuts a notch inthe work, as shown at 22 (Fig. 15). During the reciprocation of the toolthe work is held rigidly in position by the engagement of the lockinglever ill with the locking disk l8. Upon the completion of areciprocation when the tool is out of the work, the work is indexedthrough the Geneva motion, as previously described, the locking leverI51 being released from holding engagement with the locking disk by theactuation of the locking lever through the cam ill on the crank gear I.The work indexes-in this case six times while the tool is continuouslyvother than a hexagon.-

and 19,-the machine is adapted to cut a square opening in a piece ofwork. In the case of the square, the'side cutting edges 22-2 and 223 ofreciprocated to cut six notches 221 of equal depth in the work, asindicated in Fig. '16. The tool is then fed through the continuousrotation of the disk I36 and the intermittent movement of the feedratchet wheel occasioned by-actuation of the pawlcarrier Ill-asdescribed above.

It will be appreciated that with a ratio of teeth on the pinion l3l andthe gear I32 (Fig. 9) of one to six, the feed ratchet wheel will bemoved once for each six complete rotationsof the crank gear 38 or oncefor each six reciprocations of the tool, or six in'dexlngs of the work.Rotation of the feed ratchet wheel rotates the feed screw I58 and movesthe feed carriage carrying the tool 68. Due to the lost motionconnection I42, I 43 the feeding operation ,may be caused to occur neartheend of the sixth reciprocation when the tool is out of the work.After a feeding operation has been performed, the con 'tinuedreciprocation of the tool 68 and the continued indexing of the work 14causes a second series of six cuts to be made in the work to deepen thenotches shown at 221 in Fig. 16. Additional feeding operations andadditional cycles of cutting and indexing of the work are performeduntil a polygonal opening, in this case,

-a hexagonal opening. is formed, as shown in Fig. 17. It will beparticularly noted that the side cutting edges 22l and 222 of the toolare at least as wide, although preferably wider than half the width oftaside of the polygon to be formed, so that the sides of the polygon arecut and finished by the side cutting edges HI and 222 of the tool. v

The machineof my invention may also be used to cut'polygonal openings ina piece of work As shown in Figs. 18

the tool are ata right angle to each other, aaid as in the case of ahexagon, are of a width at least as great as that of half of one of thesides of the polygon to be cut. In cutting a square, the gear 94 ischanged. Instead of using a gear having a six to live ratio with theGeneva motion gear 89, a gear is substituted for the gear 94 having afour to five ratio with the gear 89.

substituted gear is one to four; changes the tool make fourreciprocations, the work being indexed at each reciprocation to cut thefour corners of the square. The tool of my invention variousmodifications and alternatives which will readily suggest themselves tothose skilled in ,the art. I claim:

1. In a machine of the character described, a tool, means forreciprocating the tool and the work relative to each other to performcutting operations, means for indexing the tool and the work relative toeach other, and means for intermittently feeding the tool and the workrelative to each other atthe termination of a series of cuttingoperations performed on different parts of the work, said feeding meanscomprising a toothed member, a pawl enga in said'toothed member, aneccentric member. driven by the machine, and a lost motion connectionbetween said eccentric member and said pawl for intermittently actuatingsaid pawl.

2. In a machine of the. character described, a,shaft adapted to becontinuously rotated, means driven from said shaft for continuouslyreciprocating a tool and the work relative to each other to perform acutting operation on the work,

means driven from said shaft in tiined relation with the cuttingoperation for indexing the tool and the work relative to each otherwithout feeding at each relative reciprocation of the tool and the'workto thereby perform additional cutting, operations of thesamecharacterand degree on the work 'until a cycle of cutting operationshas been completed, means in the driving mechanism for rigidly looking apart of the driving mechanism so as to lock the work rigidly in positionduring each cutting operation, and means driven by said shaft in timedrelation with the cutting and indexing operations for feeding thetool'and. the work relative toeach otherat the termina-..

tion of a cycle of cutting operations, said feeding means including alostmotion connection between said shaft and the tool to feed the toolat the termination of a cycle of cutting operations when the tool is outof cutting relation with a the work.

3. In a machine for cutting an equilateral polygonal opening havingstraight sidesin a piece of stock having a bore, in combination, a tool,means for continuously reciprocating thetool with re- 7 Also the gearI32 is changed so that the ratio of the teeth of the pinion l3l to theteeth ofthe With these spect to the work to cut partially at least onecorner and two adjacent sides of the polygonal opening, means forindexing the work without feeding to cut additional corners and sides ofthe opening until all the comers andthe sides of the polygonal openinghave been partially cut I and a cycle of cutting operations has beencompleted, means for feeding the tool' to enable additional cuttingcycles to be performed,'means for rigidly locking the tool and the workduring each cutting operation; and means for'performmodifications may-bemadein the form and. relaq tion of parts in the embodiment of myfinvemtion. For example, I have shown the work as I being indexed. Obviouslyitis possible to maintain the work stationary and index the tool ingadditional cutting cycles and feeding operations until an equilateralpolygonal opening ha ing straight sides has been completed.

4. In a machine of the character described, in

combination, a'tool, means for moving the tool and thework relative toeach other to perform cutting operations, means for indexing the tooland the work relative to each other, means for intermittently feedingthetool and the work relative to each other at the termination of a seriestool stationary and reciprocate the work. Moreover, I have shown thefeeding as-being accomplished by moving the tool, but it would bepossible to perform the feeding operations by moving the work. I donotdesire, therefore, to limit my invention to the form of machineshownherein, .but' desire to include within the scope of cuttingoperations performed on different.

parts of the work, and means independent of the means for indezdng thetool and the work relative to each other for rigidly locking the workafter each indexing operation.

5. In a machine of the character described, in combinatioma rigid frame,a tool, means for moving the tool and the work relative to each other toperform cutting operations, means for indexing the tool and the workrelative to each other, means for intermittently feeding the tool andthe work relative to each other at the termination of a series ofcutting operations performed on different parts of the work, saidfeedingmeans comprising a toothed member carried by a fixed part of the rigidframe, and means for intermittently actuating said toothed member'insynchronism with the cutting operations.

6. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opening in a piece of boredstock, in combination, a cutting tool having two cutting edges extendingat an angle to each other corresponding to the angles of the corners ofthe polygon to be cut and at least one of said cutting edges being atleast half the length of the sides of the polygon, means forreciprocating the tool and the stock relative to each other to performcutting operations, means including driving mechanismfor indexing thetool and the stock relative in each other after each cutting operation,a spindle by which said stock is rotatably supported, means includingparts of the driving mechanism for releasably locking the spindlerigidly in position after each indexing operation, and means for feedingthe stock and the tool relative to each other.

'7. In a machine for cutting a, polygonal opening in a piece of boredstock, in combination, a

cutting tool having two cutting edges extending at an angle to eachother, means for reciprocating the tool and the stock relative toeach-other to perform cutting operations, means including drivingmechanism for indexing the tool and the stock relative to each otherafter each cutting operation, a chuck for holding the stock, meansincluding a lock actuated in synchronism with the cutting operations forlocking the chuck prior to each cutting operation, and means for feedingthe stockand the tool relative to each other.

8. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opening in a bored stockelement, in combination, a tool element, means for reciprocating thetool and the stock relative to each other, means for indexing the tooland the stock relative to each other at the termination of each cuttingoperation, means for feeding the tool and the stock relative toeachother at the termination of a predetermined number of indexingoperations,

and a movable carriage by which one of said elements is carried, saidcarriage being actuated by said feeding means.

9. In a machine for cutting a' polygonal opening in a piece of stock, incombination, a cutting tool, a member in which the tool is rigidlysupported against movement with respect to the member, means forreciprocating said member to perform cutting operations in the stock, amovable carriage by which said member is supported, means for feedingthe carriage at the end ofea predetermined number of cutting operations,and means for indexing the work. 10. In a machine for cutting apolygonal opening in a piece of stock, in combination, a cutting toolhaving two cutting edges extending at an angle to'each othercorresponding to the angles of the corners of the polygon to be cut andat least one of said cutting edges being at least half the length of thesides of the poly on, a member in which the tool is rigidly supportedagainst movement with respect to the member, means for reciprocatingsaid member to perform cutting ported against movement with respect tothe member, means for reciprocating said member to perform cuttingoperations on the stock, a movable carriage bywhich said member issupported, means for feeding the carria e at the end of a predeterminednumber of cutting operations, means for indexing the stock at thetermination of each cutting operation, and means for rigidly locking thestock at the termination of each indexing operation.

12'. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opem ing in a piece of stock,in combination, a cutting tool having two straight edges extending at anangle to each other corresponding to the angu 'larity of the corners ofthe polygon, a member in which the tool is rigidly supported againstmovement with respect to the member, means for reciprocating said memberto perform a series of identical cutting operations in the stock,amovable carriage by which said member is supported, means for feedingthe carriage at the end of a predetermined number of cutting operations,and means for indexing the stock at the termination of each cuttingoperation.

13. In a machine for making a polygonal opening in bored stock, incombination, a tool, a spindle by which said stock is rotatablysupported, means for continuously reciprocating the tool and the stockrelative to each other to perform cutting operations on the stock untilthe polyg-- and means for feeding the tool and the stock relative toeach other at the end of a predetermined number of indexing operations.

14. In a machine for making a polygonal opening in bored stock, incombination, a. tool,

means for continuously reciprocating the tool and the stock relative toeach other to perform cutting operations on the stock until thepolygonal opening is completed, driving mechanism including an indexinggear for indexing the stock at the termination of each cutting operationuntil a series of similar cuts have been made in the stock, a chuck forholding the stock to which said indexing gear is directly and rigidlyconnected, meansactuated by a portion of said driving mechanism in timedrelation with the cutting operations for rigidly locking said indexinggear against movement during each cutting operation, and means forfeeding the tool and the stock relative to each other at the terminationof each series of similar cuts until the desired number of series ofcuts have been made.

15. In a machine for making a polygonal opening in bored'stock, incombination, a tool having two angularly disposed cutting edges at leastone'of which is at least half as long as the sides of the polygonalopening to be cut, means for continuously reciprocating the tool and thestock relative to each other to perform cutting operations, on the stockuntil the polygonal opening is completed; driving mechanism including'anindexing gear for indexing the stock at the termination of each cuttingoperation until a series ofsimilar cuts have been made .in the stock, achuck for holding the stock to which said indexing gear is directly andrigidly connected, means actuated by a portion of said driving mechanismin timed relation with the cutting operations for rigidly locking saidindexing gear against movement during each cutting operation, and meansfor feeding the tool and the stock relative to each other at thetermination of each series of similar cuts until the desired number ofseries of cuts have been made.'

16. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opening in a bored stockelement, in combination, a tool element, means forfreciprocating thetool and the stock elements relative'to each termined number of indexingoperations.

other, means for indexing the tool and the stock elements relative toeach other at the termination of each cutting operation, means'forfeeding the tool and the stock elements relative to each other at thetermination of a predetermined number of indexing operations, a mova lecarriage by which one of said elements is c r- -ried, saidcarriage beingactuated by said feeding means, a rotatable spindle by which the other-of said elements is carried, and means actuated prior to each cuttingoperation for 18-: idly locking said spindle during the cuttingoperation and for releasing the spindle atthe termination of eachcutting operation.

17. In a machine forcutting a polygonal ozening in a boredstock'elem'ent, a tool element ving two angularly disposed cutting.edges at least one of'which is at least half as long as one of the sidesof the polygon to be formed, means for reciprocating the tool and thestock elements relative to each other, means. for indexing the tool andthe stock elements relative to each other at the terminationofeachcutting operation, means for feeding the tool and the stock'elements relative to each other at the termination 20. In a machine forcutting a polygonal open? ing in a piece of bored stock, in combination,a cutting tool having twocutting edges extending at an angle to eachother corresponding to the angles of the corners of the po ygon to becut and at least one of said cutting edges being at least half thelength of the sides of the polygon, means for reciprocating the tool andthe stock relative to each other to perform cutting operations, meansincluding driving mechanism and a Geneva motion for indexing the tooland the stock relative to each other through an angle of or more aftereach cutting operation, a spindle by which said stock is rotatablysupported, means between the spindle and the driving mechanism forreleasably locking the spindle rigidly in position after each indexingoperation and in synchronism therewith, and means for feeding the stockand the tool relative to each other.

21. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opening in a piece of boredstock, in combination, a support in which the stock is rigidly clamped,a cutting tool having a support in which it is rigidly clamped, saidtool having two cutting edges extending at an angle to each othercorresponding to the angles of the corners of the poly on to be cut andat least one of the cutting edges being at least half the length of thesides of the polygon to be cut, means for reciprocating one of saidsupports to reciprocate the tool and the stock relative to each other toperform cutting operations, means for indexing one of said supports soas to index the tool and the stock relative to each other, and means'for intermittently feeding one of said supports to feed the tool andthe stock relative to each other at the of a predetermined number ofindexing operaformed on difl'erent parts of the work.

'22. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opening in a piece ofboredstock, in combination, a support in whichthe stock is rigidlyclamped, a cutting tool having a support in which it is rigi ly clamped,said tool having two cutting edges extending at an angle to each ed, acutting tool, a slide inwhich the tool is rigidly clamped, means forreciprocating the slide .to perform cutting operations in the stock,

means including driving mechanism for' indexing the spindle at thetermination of each cutting operation, means including a releasable lockactuated by the driving mechanism for locking the spindle againstrotation during each cutting other corresponding to the' 10s of thecorners of the polygon to be cut and at least one of the cutting edgesbeing at least half the length of the sides .of the polygon to be cut,means for reciprocating one of said supports to reciprocate the tool andthe stock relative to each other J to perform cutting operations, meansforindexoperation, a carriage for supporting the slide, and means forfeeding the carriage at the end of a predetermined number of indexingoperations.

19. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opening in a piece of stock,,in combination, a spindle by which the stock is rotatably supportperformcutting operations in the stock, means including driving mechanism forindexing the spindle at the termination of each cutting operation, meansincluding a releasable lock actuatedby'the driving mechanism for lockingthe spindle against rotation during each cutting operation,

ing one of said supports so as to index the tool and the stock relativeto each other, means for intermittently feeding one of said supportstofeed the tool and the stock relative to each other at the termination ofa series ofcutting operations performed on different parts of the work,

,ed, a cutting tool having two angularly disposed and means for rigidlylocking the indexed support against rotation in either direction aftereach indexing-operation.

23. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opening in' a piece of boredstock, in combination, a support in which meme is rigidly clamped. acutting tool havinga support in which it is rigidly clamped,- said toolhaving two cutting edges extending at an angle to each other cor-.

responding to the angles of the corners of the polygon to be cut and atleast one of the cutting edgesbeingatleasthalfthelengthofthesides of thepolygon'tobe cut, means for reciprocating one of said supportsto-reciprocate the tool and the stock relative to each other to performa carriage for supporting. the slide, and means 7 cutting o erations,means for indexing one of 8 u said supports so as to index the tool andthe stock relative to each other, means for intermittently feeding oneof said supports to feed the tool and the stock relative to each otherat the termination of a series of cutting operations performed ondiiferent parts of the work, and means driven in timed relation with theindexing means for rigidly locking the indexed support against rotationin either direction after each indexing operation.

24. In a machine for cutting a polygonal opening in a piece of boredstock, in combination, a support in which the stock is rigidly clamped,a cutting tool having a support in which it is rigidly clamped, saidtool having two cutting edges extending at an angle to each othercorresponding to the angles of the comers of the polygon to be cut andat least one of the cutting edges being at least half the length of thesides of the polygonto be cut, means for reciprocating one of saidsupports to reciprocate the tool and the stock relative to each other toperform cutting operations, means for indexing one of said supports soas to index the tool and the stock relative to each other, meansincluding a movable carriage for intermittently feeding one of saidsupports to feed the tool and the stock relative to each other at thetermination of a series of cutting operations performed on differentparts of the work, and means independent of the indexing means anddriven in timed relation with the indexing means for rigidly locking theindexed support against rotation in either direction after each indexingoperation.

FREDERICK G. SILVA.

